领人归主系列(四)---生命改变的见证
徒26:1-23
使徒行传二十一章记载,保罗完成三次宣教旅程之后,虽然有圣灵多次指证保罗将会在耶路撒冷面临捆锁,但保罗已将自己的性命置之度外,还是执意要回到耶路撒冷。
果然,当从亚西亚来的犹太人看见保罗在圣殿里,就耸动众人下手拿他,“喊叫说,以色列人来帮助,这就是在各处教训众人糟践我们百姓,和律法,并这地方的。”(徒21:28)
“Men of Israel, help us! This is the man who teaches all men everywhere against our people and our law and this place. And besides, he has brought Greeks into the temple area and defiled this holy place.”(Acts 21:28)
于是合成都震动,百姓一齐跑来,拿住保罗想要杀他。千夫长接到报信,带领兵丁拿住保罗,用锁链捆绑。之后,使徒行传记载保罗分别在犹太公会、在巡抚腓力斯面前、在巡抚非斯都面前以及在亚基帕王面前接受审讯。
使徒行传二十六章记载保罗在亚基帕王和非斯都面前受审时的自我辩护。保罗将法庭变为宣教工场,将受审台当作福音讲坛,保罗的自我辩护成为宣讲耶稣基督死而复活慷慨激昂的福音布道。
不仅如此,徒26保罗这段自辩辞也成为圣经中一个典型的基督徒见范例证。
徒26保罗自辩内容可以清晰地分为三段:
保罗信主前的情形(徒26:4-11)
保罗是如何信主的(徒26:12-18)
保罗信主后的变化(徒26:19-23)
一. 保罗信主前的情形(徒26:4-11)
保罗也就是曾经的扫罗信主前是一个什么样的人?
1. 法利赛人扫罗
“我从起初在本国的民中,并在耶路撒冷,自幼为人如何,犹太人都知道。他们若肯作见证,就晓得我从起初,是按着我们教中最严紧的教门,作了法利赛人。”(徒26:4-5)
“"The Jews all know the way I have lived ever since I was a child, from the beginning of my life in my own country, and also in Jerusalem. They have known me for a long time and can testify, if they are willing, that according to the strictest sect of our religion, I lived as a Pharisee.”(Acts 26:4-5)
概括说来,扫罗是满腹经纶的大学问家;有宗教热忱的法利赛人;是前程无量的政治精英;是无可指摘的道德楷模。
扫罗的知识学问:“保罗说,我原是犹太人,生在基利家的大数,长在这城里,在迦玛列门下,按着我们祖宗严紧的律法受教,热心事奉神,象你们众人今日一样。”(徒22:3)
“I am a Jew, born in Tarsus of Cilicia, but brought up in this city. Under Gamaliel I was thoroughly trained in the law of our fathers and was just as zealous for God as any of you are today.”(Acts 22:3)
“非斯都大声说,保罗,你癫狂了吧。你的学问太大,反叫你癫狂了。”(徒26:24)
“At this point Festus interrupted Paul's defense. "You are out of your mind, Paul!" he shouted. "Your great learning is driving you insane."”(Acts 26:24)
扫罗的政治地位:“我就把许多圣徒囚在监里。他们被杀,我也出名定案。”(徒26:10)
“I put many of the saints in prison, and when they were put to death, I cast my vote against them.”(Acts 26:10)
扫罗的宗教道德:“我是以色列族,便雅悯支派的人,是希伯来人所生的希伯来人。就律法说,我是法利赛人。就热心说,我是逼迫教会的。就律法上的义说,我是无可指摘的。”(腓3:5-6)
“Circumcised on the eighth day, of the people of Israel, of the tribe of Benjamin, a Hebrew of Hebrews; in regard to the law, a Pharisee; as for zeal, persecuting the church; as for legalistic righteousness, faultless.”(Phil 3:5-6)
扫罗的清洁良心:“弟兄们,我在神面前行事为人,都是凭着良心,直到今日。”(徒23:1)
“My brothers, I have fulfilled my duty to God in all good conscience to this day.”(Acts 23:1)
因此,无论从哪一方面说,扫罗都是一个出类拔萃卓岳超群的人,一个万里挑一的精英分子。
用这样一个标准来衡量,我们今天绝大多数的人都无法企及扫罗的高度。
2. 罪恶凶手扫罗
就人而言,扫罗可谓趋于完美,然而保罗做见证,说自己是个罪魁,是逼迫基督徒的凶手。
“从前我自己以为应当多方攻击拿撒勒人耶稣的名。我在耶路撒冷也曾这样行了。既从祭司长得了权柄,我就把许多圣徒囚在监里。他们被杀,我也出名定案。在各会堂,我屡次用刑,强逼他们说亵渎的话。又分外恼恨他们,甚至追逼他们直到外邦的城邑。”(徒26:9-11)
“I too was convinced that I ought to do all that was possible to oppose the name of Jesus of Nazareth. And that is just what I did in Jerusalem. On the authority of the chief priests, I put many of the saints in prison, and when they were put to death, I cast my vote against them. Many a time I went from one synagogue to another to have them punished, and I tried to force them to blaspheme. In my obsession against them, I even went to foreign cities to persecute them.”(Acts 26:9-11)
“扫罗却残害教会,进各人的家,拉着男女下在监里。”(徒8:3)
“But Saul began to destroy the church. Going from house to house, he dragged off men and women and put them in prison.”(Acts 8:3)
“扫罗仍然向主的门徒,口吐威吓凶杀的话,去见大祭司,求文书给大马色的各会堂,若是找着信奉这道的人,无论男女,都准他捆绑带到耶路撒冷。”(徒9:1-2)
“Meanwhile, Saul was still breathing out murderous threats against the Lord's disciples. He went to the high priest and asked him for letters to the synagogues in Damascus, so that if he found any there who belonged to the Way, whether men or women, he might take them as prisoners to Jerusalem.”(Acts 9:1-2)
扫罗对基督徒做了什么?
他攻击拿撒勒人耶稣的名,把许多圣徒囚在监里,投票定案使基督徒被杀,屡次用刑强迫信徒说亵渎的话,分外恼恨信奉耶稣之名的人,追捕信徒直到外邦的城邑。
“基督耶稣降世,为要拯救罪人。…在罪人中我是个罪魁,然而我蒙了怜悯。”(提前1:15-16)
“Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners--of whom I am the worst. But for that very reason I was shown mercy.”(1 Tim 1:15-16)
很多人认为自己不是罪人,乃是个好人,这样的人不需要耶稣的拯救,因为耶稣自己说,有病的人才需要医生,无病的人用不着医生。祂来是要召罪人悔改,不是要召义人悔改。
一个人只有深切地认识到自己罪恶的丑陋,才会对主耶稣的救赎有发自肺腑的感恩。这样的基督徒才能够坚定地奔走天路,不至于因为生活中的困难或挫折而半途而废。
二. 保罗是如何信主的(徒26:12-18)
“那时,我领了祭司长的权柄和命令,往大马色去。王阿,我在路上,晌午的时候,看见从天发光,比日头还亮,四面照着我,并与我同行的人。我们都仆倒在地,我就听见有声音,用希伯来话,向我说,‘扫罗,扫罗,为什么逼迫我?你用脚踢刺是难的。’ 我说,‘主阿,你是谁?’主说,‘我就是你所逼迫的耶稣。’”(徒26:12-15)
“On one of these journeys I was going to Damascus with the authority and commission of the chief priests. About noon, O king, as I was on the road, I saw a light from heaven, brighter than the sun, blazing around me and my companions. We all fell to the ground, and I heard a voice saying to me in Aramaic, 'Saul, Saul, why do you persecute Me? It is hard for you to kick against the goads.' "Then I asked, 'Who are you, Lord?' "'I am Jesus, whom you are persecuting,' the Lord replied.”(Acts 26:12-15)
1. 扫罗看见大光
“晌午的时候,看见从天发光,比日头还亮,四面照着我,并与我同行的人。”(徒26:13)
“About noon, I saw a light from heaven, brighter than the sun, blazing around me and my companions.” (Acts 26:13)
这是一束神奇的光。因为当时是正午,天上发光比日头还亮,什么光会比日头还亮?而且如果是阳光,在正午的时候应该从头顶上照下来,而这大光却是四面照着保罗。
这刺眼的强光使保罗的眼睛瞎了。
“我因那光的荣耀,不能看见,同行的人,就拉着我手进了大马色。”(徒22:11)
“My companions led me by the hand into Damascus, because the brilliance of the light had blinded me.”(Acts 22:11)
“扫罗从地上起来,睁开眼睛,竟不能看见什么。有人拉他的手,领他进了大马色。三日不能看见,也不吃,也不喝。”(徒9:8-9)
“Saul got up from the ground, but when he opened his eyes he could see nothing. So they led him by the hand into Damascus. For three days he was blind, and did not eat or drink anything.”(Acts 9:8-9)
“当下在大马色,有一个门徒,名叫亚拿尼亚。主在异象中对他说,亚拿尼亚。他说,主,我在这里。主对他说,起来,往直街去,在犹大的家里,访问一个大数人名叫扫罗。他正祷告。又看见了一个人,名叫亚拿尼亚,进来按手在他身上,叫他能看见。”(徒9:10-12)
“In Damascus there was a disciple named Ananias. The Lord called to him in a vision, "Ananias!" "Yes, Lord," he answered. The Lord told him, "Go to the house of Judas on Straight Street and ask for a man from Tarsus named Saul, for he is praying. In a vision he has seen a man named Ananias come and place his hands on him to restore his sight."”(Acts 9:10-12)
显然保罗的眼瞎而又复明都是耶稣基督的神迹:三天的瞎眼让保罗有足够的时间回顾他迄今所走过的瞎眼人生;三天后的复明让他能以为他曾经百般攻击的拿撒勒人耶稣的名而重新奔跑!
讽刺的是,当保罗眼睛明亮的时候,却是地地道道的眼瞎;而当他眼瞎的时候,他心灵的眼睛却明亮了。
“耶稣说,我为审判到这世上来,叫不能看见的,可以看见。能看见的,反瞎了眼。”(约9:39)
“Jesus said, "For judgment I have come into this world, so that the blind will see and those who see will become blind."”(John 9:39)
朋友们,如果你认为你把一切事情都看透了,把所有的事情都弄懂了,你坚定地说这个宇宙中根本就没有神,或者你不容辩驳地断定,基督教只不过是软弱者的拐杖、失意者的联盟、麻醉者的精神鸦片,你要当心,可能你正处主于耶稣所说的“能看见的反瞎了眼”的陷阱。
2. 扫罗听见声音
“我就听见有声音,用希伯来话,向我说,扫罗,扫罗,为什么逼迫我?你用脚踢刺是难的。我说,主阿,你是谁。主说,我就是你所逼迫的耶稣。”(徒26:14-15)
“We all fell to the ground, and I heard a voice saying to me in Aramaic, 'Saul, Saul, why do you persecute Me? It is hard for you to kick against the goads.' "Then I asked, 'Who are you, Lord?' "'I am Jesus, whom you are persecuting,' the Lord replied.”(Acts 26:14-15)
保罗听见有声音向他说话,便问,“主啊,你是谁?”回答说,“我是耶稣,就是你正在逼迫的那一位。”
保罗的惊恐非同小可,他吃惊地发现:
第一, 那位被钉在十字架上的拿撒勒人耶稣仍然活着;
第二, 这位拿撒勒人耶稣对信祂名的人是如此地爱护;
第三, 这位拿撒勒人耶稣何以有如此不可抗拒的权柄。
保罗蓦然发现,曾几何时不可一世、趾高气扬的他,在自己百般诋毁的拿撒勒人耶稣面前竟是如此的不堪一击、软弱无助、俯首帖耳。
惊恐万分的保罗战战兢兢地爬起来,乖乖地领受拿撒勒人耶稣的命令:
“我特意向你显现,要派你作执事作见证,将你所看见的事,和我将要指示你的事,证明出来。我也要救你脱离百姓和外邦人的手。我差你到他们那里去,要叫他们的眼睛得开,从黑暗中归向光明,从撒但权下归向神。又因信我,得蒙赦罪,和一切成圣的人同得基业。”(徒26:16-18)
“'Now get up and stand on your feet. I have appeared to you to appoint you as a servant and as a witness of what you have seen of Me and what I will show you. I will rescue you from your own people and from the Gentiles. I am sending you to them to open their eyes and turn them from darkness to light, and from the power of Satan to God, so that they may receive forgiveness of sins and a place among those who are sanctified by faith in Me.'”(Acts 26:16-18)
此为保罗领受的属天异象,乃耶稣基督对使徒保罗振聋发聩的使命和信息,包括如下基本内容:
1. 叫人眼睛得开,得着耶稣基督的真光;
2. 出黑暗入光明,从撒但权下归向真神;
3. 因信得蒙赦罪,和成圣的人同得基业。
这正是基督福音的根本信息:眼睛得开,罪得赦免,出黑暗入奇妙光明,从撒但权下归向神。
“此等不信之人,被这世界的神弄瞎了心眼,不叫基督荣耀福音的光照着他们。…那吩咐光从黑暗里照出来的神,已经照在我们心里,叫我们得知神荣耀的光,显在耶稣基督的面上。”(林后4:4-6)
“The god of this age has blinded the minds of unbelievers, so that they cannot see the light of the gospel of the glory of Christ, … For God, who said, "Let light shine out of darkness," made His light shine in our hearts to give us the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Christ.”(2 Cor 4:4-6)
“又感谢父,叫我们能与众圣徒在光明中同得基业。祂救了我们脱离黑暗的权势,把我们迁到祂爱子的国里。我们在爱子里得蒙救赎,罪过得以赦免。”(西1:12-14)
“Giving thanks to the Father, who has qualified you to share in the inheritance of the saints in the kingdom of light. For He has rescued us from the dominion of darkness and brought us into the kingdom of the Son He loves, in whom we have redemption, the forgiveness of sins.”(Col 1:12-14)
一个人如果真的遇见过耶稣,他的生命不发生改变那是不可能的。保罗从此丢弃万事、舍生忘死地奔跑和服事,都始终围绕着主耶稣向他吩咐的这一伟大使命。
三. 保罗信主后的改变(徒26:19-23)
“亚基帕王阿,我故此没有违背那从天上来的异象。先在大马色,后在耶路撒冷,和犹太全地,以及外邦,劝勉他们应当悔改归向神,行事与悔改的心相称。”(徒26:19-20)
“So then, King Agrippa, I was not disobedient to the vision from heaven. First to those in Damascus, then to those in Jerusalem and in all Judea, and to the Gentiles also, I preached that they should repent and turn to God and prove their repentance by their deeds.”(Acts 26:19-20)
1. 保罗领受呼召
保罗说他故此没有违背那从天上来的异象。
“扫罗和大马色的门徒同住了些日子。就在各会堂里宣传耶稣,说祂是神的儿子。凡听见的人,都惊奇说,在耶路撒冷残害求告这名的,不是这人吗?”(徒9:19-21)
“And after taking some food, he regained his strength. Saul spent several days with the disciples in Damascus. At once he began to preach in the synagogues that Jesus is the Son of God. All those who heard him were astonished and asked, "Isn't he the man who raised havoc in Jerusalem among those who call on this name? And hasn't he come here to take them as prisoners to the chief priests?”(Acts 9:19-21)
因着这异象,保罗放下了他的学问、前程、地位、家庭、荣誉、甚至他的宗教,转而奋不顾身地传扬他曾经竭力逼迫的拿撒勒耶稣的名。
保罗因为顺从那从天而来的异象,几乎随时可能丧失自己的性命。
“过了好些日子,犹太人商议要杀扫罗。他们又昼夜在城门守候要杀他。他的门徒就在夜间,用筐子把他从城墙上缒下去。”(徒9:23-25)
“After many days had gone by, the Jews conspired to kill him, but Saul learned of their plan. Day and night they kept close watch on the city gates in order to kill him. But his followers took him by night and lowered him in a basket through an opening in the wall.”(Acts 9:23-25)
“于是扫罗在耶路撒冷,和门徒出入来往,奉主的名,放胆传道。并与说希利尼话的犹太人,讲论辩驳。他们却想法子要杀他。弟兄们知道了,就送他下该撒利亚,打发他往大数去。”(徒9:28-30)
“So Saul stayed with them and moved about freely in Jerusalem, speaking boldly in the name of the Lord. He talked and debated with the Grecian Jews, but they tried to kill him. When the brothers learned of this, they took him down to Caesarea and sent him off to Tarsus.”(Acts 9:28-30)
保罗奋不顾身所传讲的信息是什么?
“所讲的,并不外乎众先知和摩西所说,将来必成的事。就是基督必须受害,并且因从死里复活,要首先把光明的道,传给百姓和外邦人。”(徒26:22-23)
“But I have had God's help to this very day, and so I stand here and testify to small and great alike. I am saying nothing beyond what the prophets and Moses said would happen--that the Christ would suffer and, as the first to rise from the dead, would proclaim light to His own people and to the Gentiles.”(Acts 26:22-23)
保罗所宣讲的,正是摩西在创世记第三章所预言的,是大卫在诗篇第二十二篇所指明的,也是先知以赛亚在以赛亚书第五十三章所启示的。神的圣言是何等奇妙。
“劝勉他们应当悔改归向神,行事与悔改的心相称。”(徒26:20)
“I preached that they should repent and turn to God and prove their repentance by their deeds.”(Acts 26:20)
保罗不仅引证旧约圣经证明耶稣基督是犹太人所盼望的救主弥赛亚,而且敦促听的人认罪悔改,归向真神,并且行事为人当与悔改的心相称。
保罗所讲的,也正是今日的传道者所需要也必须要讲的。基督徒不是靠行为得救,乃是靠神的恩典,但得救之后信徒当有好行为,好叫人将荣耀归于父。
2. 保罗持守异象
保罗有一个非凡的开端,因为保罗大马色路上的经历奇特无比,毕竟不是每个人都有的。然而,一个好的开端是一回事,能够持守异象坚持不懈,继续不断地勇敢前行,则是另外一回事,尤其是当保罗遭遇各样的艰难、敌对、困苦的时候。
“我故此没有违背那从天上来的异象。” (徒26:19)
“I was not disobedient to the vision from heaven.”(Acts 26:19)
“我只有一件事,就是忘记背后,努力面前的,向着标竿直跑,要得神在基督耶稣里从上面召我来得的奖赏。。” (腓3:13-14)
“But one thing I do: Forgetting what is behind and straining toward what is ahead, I press on toward the goal to win the prize for which God has called me heavenward in Christ Jesus.”(Phil 3:13-14)
“因为我曾定了主意,在你们中间不知道别的,只知道耶稣基督并祂钉十字架。” (林前2:2)
“For I resolved to know nothing while I was with you except Jesus Christ and Him crucified.”(1 Cor 2:2)
“耶稣基督并祂钉十字架”这执着单一的信息, 成为使徒保罗生命的全部, 使他可以忍受一切的患难, 困苦, 亏损, 误解, 委屈, 羞辱, 恶名, 逼迫, 监禁, 饥饿, 贫穷, 缺乏, 寒冷, 刀剑…他在足迹所到之地的会堂内,街道旁,监狱里,法庭上…传讲耶稣的死而复活以及因信得蒙赦罪的奇妙救恩。
“然而我蒙神的帮助,直到今日还站得住,对着尊贵卑贱老幼作见证。”(徒26:22)
“But I have had God's help to this very day, and so I stand here and testify to small and great alike.”(Acts 26:22)
保罗蒙神的帮助,自始至终都站立得住。保罗的得救是出乎神的恩典,他的服侍也同样是神恩典的保守。
保罗为主名持续不断的勇往直前证明一个真理:他所服侍的神是那位信实的主;因为在保罗处于艰难的时候,主多次向他显现安慰鼓励他:在外邦城邑哥林多(徒18:9-10),在耶路撒冷圣殿(徒22:17-21),在犹太公会(徒23:11),在被送往罗马的船难中(徒27:22-25),在罗马受审之时(提后4:16-17)…
英文的“信心、忠诚、信实”三个字是同一个字根,分别是:faith, faithful, faithfulness.
神向我们要求的是“忠心”,但祂必以祂的“信实”做保证!
“我们纵然失信,祂仍是可信的。因为祂不能背乎自己。”(提后2:13)
“If we are faithless, He will remain faithful, for He cannot disown Himself.”(2 Tim 2:13)
“为这缘故,我也受这些苦难。然而我不以为耻。因为知道我所信的是谁,也深信祂能保全我所交付祂的,直到那日。”(提后1:12)
“For this reason I also suffer these things; nevertheless I am not ashamed, for I know Whom I have believed and am persuaded that He is able to keep what I have committed to Him until that Day.”(2 Tim 1:12)
弟兄姐妹朋友们,使徒保罗那“生命改变”又“改变生命”的见证,对今天的你我有怎样的触动?
主耶稣吩咐所有的门徒、信徒都要在各地为主作见证。正如保罗,“对着尊贵卑贱老幼作见证。”
到底什么是见证(witness)?
见证就是将所知道的真相说出来。基督徒的见证就是将神在我们身上的作为述说出来。
根据徒26章保罗的叙述,见证分为三个部分:
1. 信主前的情形:活在罪中的我,罪如何影响、败坏我的生命?如何占据、支配我的生活?那时我的三观(即价值观、世界观、人生观)是怎样的?那时我的个人道德情形如何?我的个人、家庭、人际关系等怎样?我如何使用、支配我的时间、金钱?
2. 是如何信主的:我是在什么样的情况下信主的?我是如何信主的?当时神的灵、圣经的话语是如何进入我心的?我当时有什么感动?给我印象最深的、我终生难忘的是什么?我是否有豁然开朗、出黑暗入光明的经历?
3. 信主后的改变:我信主后生命发生了哪些改变?我的三观(价值观、世界观、人生观)发生了哪些改变?我对罪的体会有何不同?对自己过去的罪有怎样的认识?我今日行事为人的方式与以往有何不同?我以怎样的态度对待圣经神的话语?我现在如何支配自己的时间和金钱?我属灵的生命是否在不断长进?
我们的经历很可能不像保罗那样富有戏剧性和传奇色彩,但一个真正信主的人,他的生命不发生改变是不可能的。把这种改变对他人讲说出来就是作见证。
让我们实际操练,每个人都预备自己的见证,愿神使用祂每一个儿女的见证,去分享传扬主耶稣基督的福音。
感谢主
任运生牧师
主后二零二三年二月三日
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